Comprendre la loi Laken Riley : un tournant dans l'application de la législation américaine en matière d'immigration
Denice Flores • June 5, 2025
Click here to read this article in English
En janvier 2025, le Congrès américain a adopté la loi Laken Riley, marquant un changement important dans la politique d'application des lois sur l'immigration.
Cette loi oblige le département de la Sécurité intérieure à placer en détention certains ressortissants étrangers
qui ont été arrêtés pour des infractions liées au vol, telles que le cambriolage, le vol, le vol simple ou le vol à l'étalage.
En vertu de cette loi, le département de la Sécurité intérieure doit placer en détention toute personne qui
(1)
se trouve illégalement aux États-Unis ou ne possédait pas les documents nécessaires lors de sa demande d'admission ; et
(2)
a été accusé, arrêté, condamné ou a admis avoir commis des actes constituant les éléments essentiels d'un cambriolage, d'un vol, d'un larcin ou d'un vol à l'étalage.
La loi autorise également les États à poursuivre le gouvernement fédéral pour des décisions ou des manquements présumés liés à l'application de la législation en matière d'immigration. Elle autorise les gouvernements des États à intenter une action en injonction contre certaines décisions ou certains manquements présumés du gouvernement fédéral en matière d'immigration si ces décisions ou manquements ont causé un préjudice à l'État ou à ses résidents, y compris un préjudice financier supérieur à 100 dollars. Plus précisément, le gouvernement de l'État peut poursuivre le gouvernement fédéral pour :
- Une décision de libérer un ressortissant étranger
- Le non-respect des exigences relatives à l'inspection des personnes demandant à entrer aux États-Unis, y compris les exigences relatives aux entretiens d'asile ;
- Le non-respect de l'obligation de cesser de délivrer des visas aux ressortissants d'un pays qui refuse ou retarde de manière déraisonnable l'acceptation des ressortissants de ce pays ;
- La violation des restrictions en matière de libération conditionnelle pour immigration, telles que l'obligation d'accorder la libération conditionnelle uniquement au cas par cas ; ou
- Le non-respect de l'obligation de détenir une personne qui a fait l'objet d'une mesure d'éloignement des États-Unis.
Les exigences strictes de la loi en matière de détention peuvent accroître la peur et l'incertitude au sein des communautés d'immigrants. Les personnes qui sont simplement accusées de certains crimes pourraient être soumises à une détention obligatoire. La loi peut également avoir une incidence sur les procédures d'immigration légales. L'intensification des efforts en matière de détention et d'expulsion pourrait mettre à rude épreuve les ressources, ce qui pourrait entraîner des retards dans le traitement des visas et des demandes d'asile.
Compte tenu de l'évolution du paysage juridique :
- Restez informé et/ou consultez un avocat - Consultez votre avocat spécialisé en immigration pour comprendre comment les nouvelles lois et politiques peuvent affecter votre situation et si vous ou une personne de votre entourage êtes confronté à des problèmes juridiques liés à l'immigration.
- Connaissez vos droits - Familiarisez-vous avec vos droits légaux, en particulier en ce qui concerne les interactions avec les forces de l'ordre et les autorités d'immigration.
- Engagement communautaire - Participez à des organisations communautaires qui fournissent un soutien et des ressources aux immigrants, en favorisant la création d'un réseau d'aide et de défense.
Si vous avez des questions ou si vous souhaitez consulter un avocat spécialisé en immigration, contactez notre cabinet pour prendre rendez-vous.
Ce blog n'est pas destiné à fournir des conseils juridiques et rien ici ne doit être interprété comme établissant une relation avocat-client. Veuillez prendre rendez-vous avec un avocat spécialisé en droit de l'immigration avant d'agir sur la base de toute information lue ici.
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