Connaissez vos droits : Si l'ICE vient sur votre lieu de travail

Juliana LaMendola • March 20, 2025

 Click here to read this article in English


Toutes les personnes vivant aux États-Unis, quel que soit leur statut d'immigration, jouissent de certains droits constitutionnels américains. Si des agents des services de l'immigration et des douanes (ICE) se rendent sur votre lieu de travail, ils doivent disposer soit (1) d'un mandat de perquisition valide, soit (2) du consentement de votre employeur pour pénétrer dans les zones non publiques. Les zones non publiques peuvent comprendre les salles de pause du personnel, les salles de serveurs, les locaux techniques, les bureaux du département des ressources humaines, les salles de réunion privées, etc. Toutefois, l'ICE peut pénétrer dans les zones publiques de votre lieu de travail (hall d'entrée, zone de réception, parking, etc.) sans mandat ni consentement de votre employeur. 

Si vous rencontrez l'ICE sur votre lieu de travail, il est important de rester calme. Si un agent vous arrête, vous pouvez lui demander si vous êtes libre de partir. S'il vous répond par l'affirmative, partez calmement. S'il dit non, restez où vous êtes et n'essayez pas de partir.

Vous avez le droit de garder le silence. Vous n'êtes pas obligé de parler à l'ICE, de répondre à des questions ou de présenter des documents. Si l'on vous pose des questions sur votre lieu de naissance, sur la manière dont vous êtes entré aux États-Unis ou sur votre statut d'immigrant, vous pouvez refuser de répondre ou garder le silence. Si vous choisissez de garder le silence, dites-le à haute voix : « Je choisis de garder le silence ». Si les agents vous demandent de vous tenir dans un groupe en raison de votre statut d'immigrant, vous n'êtes pas obligé de vous déplacer. Préparez-vous à faire valoir vos droits en téléchargeant, en imprimant et en portant sur vous un « carton rouge » (disponible sur le site https://www.ilrc.org/red-cards-tarjetas-rojas) indiquant que vous ne souhaitez pas parler, répondre à des questions ou signer des documents. 

Vous n'êtes pas tenu de présenter des documents d'immigration. Vous pouvez refuser de présenter des documents d'identité qui révèlent votre nationalité ou votre citoyenneté. Toutefois, ne présentez jamais de faux documents ou de fausses informations. 

Si vous êtes détenu ou placé en garde à vue, vous avez le droit de contacter un avocat immédiatement. Même si vous n'avez pas d'avocat, vous pouvez dire aux agents de l'immigration : « Je veux parler à un avocat ». Si vous avez un avocat, vous avez le droit de lui parler et, si possible, de fournir une preuve de cette relation (comme un formulaire G-28 signé) à un agent. Si vous n'avez pas d'avocat, demandez une liste d'avocats pro bono (gratuits) ou low bono (peu coûteux).

Vous n'êtes pas obligé de signer quoi que ce soit sans en parler d'abord à un avocat. Si vous décidez de signer des documents, assurez-vous de bien en comprendre la signification, car la signature peut vous faire renoncer à vos droits ou conduire à votre expulsion.

Si vous pensez que vos droits ont été violés, écrivez ce qui s'est passé. Veillez à inclure des détails spécifiques tels que les noms, les numéros de badge et ce qui a été dit et fait exactement. Signalez la violation à un avocat ou à une organisation de défense des droits des immigrés dès que possible.

Si vous ou quelqu'un que vous connaissez risquez d'être affecté par ce décret, il est essentiel que vous restiez informé et que vous compreniez vos droits. Au cabinet Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C., nos avocats de confiance spécialisés dans les questions d'immigration sont à votre disposition pour vous guider et vous soutenir pendant cette période d'incertitude. N'hésitez pas à nous contacter si vous avez besoin d'aide.

Ce blog n'est pas destiné à fournir des conseils juridiques et rien ici ne doit être interprété comme établissant une relation avocat-client. Veuillez prendre rendez-vous avec un avocat spécialisé en droit de l'immigration avant d'agir sur la base de toute information lue ici.

Juliana LaMendola


By Shirin Navabi June 12, 2025
The United States has long been a destination for the world’s most talented athletes—not only to compete at the highest level, but to access world-class training, coaching opportunities, and long-term career prospects. Whether on the field, in the ring, or across the chessboard, athletes from across the globe are finding immigration pathways that allow them to pursue their athletic and professional goals in the U.S. U.S. immigration law offers several visa and green card options designed specifically for individuals with extraordinary athletic talent. These include the P-1A visa for internationally recognized athletes, the O-1A visa for individuals of extraordinary ability, and the EB-1A immigrant petition, which can lead to permanent residency and ultimately, U.S. citizenship. The P-1A visa is commonly used by professional athletes coming to the U.S. to compete in a specific event or season. This applies not only to individual athletes but also to members of teams or clubs recognized internationally. It is widely used by soccer players, basketball players, MMA fighters, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu competitors, and even elite chess players. Athletes must demonstrate a high level of international recognition and a record of performance in their sport. The O-1A visa is a strong option for coaches who demonstrate extraordinary ability, typically evidenced by championship titles, sustained winning records, or recognition as integral to their team’s success. To qualify, a coach must establish that their expertise places them among the small percentage of top professionals in their field. For athletes seeking permanent status in the U.S., the EB-1A immigrant petition —often referred to as the “extraordinary ability green card”—provides a direct path to lawful permanent residency. It requires clear documentation that the individual is among the very best in their sport and has achieved sustained national or international success. Unlike other green card categories, the EB-1A does not require employer sponsorship and can be self-petitioned. This has become a common path for MMA world champions, BJJ black belt medalists, Olympic athletes, and chess grandmasters—many of whom now represent the U.S. at the highest levels of international competition. It’s important to note that U.S. immigration law defines “athlete” broadly. Whether you are a professional football player in Europe, a sprinter from the Caribbean, a judoka, a gymnast, or a grandmaster in chess, your achievements may qualify under these categories if they are properly documented and presented. The key is a consistent record of excellence and recognition in your sport on a national or international scale. Our office specializes in these types of immigration matters. Whether you are an individual athlete looking to relocate or an organization seeking to bring international talent to your roster, we offer tailored legal strategies to support your goals. If you are exploring options to compete, train, or build your future in the U.S., we’re here to help you take the next step.
By Denice Flores June 5, 2025
In January 2025, the U.S. Congress passed the Laken Riley Act , marking a significant shift in immigration enforcement policy. The Act requires the Department of Homeland Security to detain certain non-U.S. nationals who have been arrested for theft-related offenses such as burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting. Under this Act, the Department of Homeland Security must detain an individual who: (1) is unlawfully present in the United States or did not possess the necessary documents when applying for admission; and (2) has been charged with, arrested for, convicted of, or admits to having committed acts that constitute the essential elements of burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting. The Act also authorizes states to sue the federal government for decisions or alleged failures related to immigration enforcement. It authorizes state governments to sue for injunctive relief over certain immigration-related decisions or alleged failures by the federal government if the decision or failure caused the state or its residents harm, including financial harm of more than $100. Specifically, the state government may sue the federal government over a: Decision to release a non-U.S. national from custody; Failure to fulfill requirements relating to inspecting individuals seeking admission into the United States, including requirements related to asylum interviews; Failure to fulfill a requirement to stop issuing visas to nationals of a country that unreasonably denies or delays acceptance of nationals of that country; Violation of limitations on immigration parole, such as the requirement that parole be granted only on a case-by-case basis; or Failure to detain an individual who has been ordered removed from the United States. The Act's stringent detention requirements may lead to increased fear and uncertainty within immigrant communities. Individuals who are merely accused of certain crimes could face mandatory detention. The Act may also affect legal immigration processes. Increased detention and deportation efforts could strain resources, potentially leading to delays in processing visas and asylum applications. Given the evolving legal landscape: Stay Informed and/or Seek Legal Counsel - Consult with your immigration attorney to understand how new laws and policies may affect your situation and if you or someone you know is facing immigration-related legal issues. Know Your Rights - Familiarize yourself with your legal rights, especially concerning interactions with law enforcement and immigration authorities. Community Engagement - Participate in community organizations that provide support and resources for immigrants, fostering a network of assistance and advocacy. If you have any questions or would like to consult with an experienced immigration attorney, contact our office to schedule a consultation.
By Kris Quadros-Ragar May 29, 2025
In a renewed wave of enforcement, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has started sending formal alerts to certain F-1 students participating in Optional Practical Training (OPT), flagging that their records reflect over 90 days without any reported employment. These students have been advised to update their employment status in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) within 15 days. Failure to take timely corrective action may lead to the termination of the student's SEVIS record, effectively marking them as out of status, and may ultimately trigger removal proceedings. The notices are intended as a warning that students who do not comply with OPT reporting obligations are at risk of serious immigration consequences. Understanding OPT and Its Unemployment Limits Optional Practical Training (commonly referred to as “OPT”) is a work authorization benefit that allows eligible F-1 international students to gain hands-on experience in their field of study. Students may apply for pre-completion OPT (while still in school) or post-completion OPT (after graduation), typically for up to 12 months. Those with degrees in qualifying STEM fields may apply for an additional 24-month STEM OPT extension, giving them a total of 36 months of work authorization in the U.S. To maintain valid F-1 status while on OPT, students must remain actively employed in a position related to their field of study. The amount of time a student may remain in the United States while on OPT without being properly employed is capped at: 90 days during the standard 12-month post-completion OPT, and 150 days for those on the STEM OPT extension, which includes any days of unemployment accrued during the initial OPT period. These unemployment limits are cumulative and enforced strictly through SEVIS monitoring. What Should F-1 Students Do? If you are an F-1 student on OPT or STEM OPT and receive a warning or are unsure about your compliance status, act quickly: Contact your Designated School Official (DSO) immediately to review and, if necessary, update your SEVIS record. Ensure all employment is properly documented and reported through your school’s international office. Do not ignore warning notices, as failure to respond may lead to SEVIS termination and potentially the initiation of removal proceedings. It is also advisable to consult with a qualified immigration attorney to explore available options and understand how enforcement actions may affect your status or future immigration plans. If you received a notice or have questions about your F-1 status, our attorneys are here to help you take the right steps to protect your future in the United States. Contact us today to schedule a consultation.
Show More