¿Cuándo debe eliminarse al intermediario?
Angelica Rice • March 2, 2023
Solicitar una visa K1 vs avanzar directamente con el proceso de obtención de la tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio.
Imagínese esto:
su pareja finalmente le propuso matrimonio y usted está emocionado, no solo por la planificación de la boda, ¡sino por comenzar el proceso de su tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio! Algo que debe decidir antes de abrir el champán y comenzar a investigar a los proveedores de bodas es lo siguiente: ¿solicito una visa K1 y luego comienzo con el proceso de la tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio o inicio el proceso de la tarjeta de residencia permanente matrimonial de inmediato? La mayoría de las personas no están seguras de cómo responder a esta pregunta. Entonces, ¿cuándo se solicita una visa K1 y cuándo se comienza directamente con el proceso de tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio? Continúe leyendo para averiguarlo.
Visas K1
Una visa K1 es una visa que permite a los ciudadanos estadounidenses traer a sus prometidos, quienes son residentes extranjeros, a los Estados Unidos, para que puedan casarse en territorio estadounidense y comenzar su vida juntos lo antes posible. Algunos de los puntos clave sobre una visa K1 son:
- Solo están disponibles para ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos y sus prometidos; los residentes permanentes legales (es decir, los titulares de la tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio) no son elegibles para las visas K1
- El prometido residente extranjero viene a los Estados Unidos mientras la pareja está comprometida, antes de casarse, y la pareja se casa en los Estados Unidos dentro de los noventa (90) días posteriores a la llegada de los titulares de la visa K1
- La visa K1 implica un paso adicional: una vez que la pareja se casa en los Estados Unidos, el titular de la visa K1 debe presentar una solicitud para ajustar su estado al de residente permanente legal, lo que requiere de una solicitud adicional y tiempo de procesamiento extra antes de adquirir el estatus de residente permanente
- El titular de una visa K1 no puede trabajar en los Estados Unidos, a menos que solicite y obtenga un permiso de trabajo I-765 después de ingresar a los Estados Unidos
- El proceso de la visa K1 suele ser más rápido que el proceso de obtención de la tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio; sin embargo, el proceso K1 termina siendo más costoso
Proceso de la tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio
Por lo general, las parejas optan por iniciar directamente con el proceso de residencia permanente por matrimonio y prescindir de la visa K1 cuando ya se han casado en el extranjero o cuando el cronograma para que el cónyuge residente extranjero venga a los Estados Unidos no es urgente. Al elegir este proceso, los residentes permanentes legales o ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos y sus cónyuges residentes extranjeros presentan una solicitud I-130 mientras el cónyuge aún está en el extranjero; luego, una vez aprobado, el cónyuge extranjero asiste a una entrevista en el consulado de su país de origen, obtiene una visa de inmigrante y, una vez utilizada dicha visa para ingresar a los Estados Unidos, obtiene el estatus de residente permanente.
Algunas de las conclusiones clave sobre el proceso I-130 + Visa de Inmigrante (Tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio) son:
- Están disponibles para ciudadanos estadounidenses o residentes permanentes legales y sus cónyuges, quienes son residentes extranjeros
- El cónyuge extranjero debe esperar en su país de origen para que se apruebe la visa antes de poder venir a los Estados Unidos y estar con su cónyuge, quien es un USC (ciudadano de los Estados Unidos) o LPR (residente permanente legal)
- Este proceso se realiza una vez que la pareja ya está casada y si la pareja se casó fuera de los Estados Unidos. Dicho proceso no se puede llevar a cabo mientras la pareja esté solamente comprometida
- Al ingresar a los Estados Unidos con su visa de inmigrante y obtener su tarjeta de residencia permanente, usted puede trabajar libremente en los Estados Unidos y no necesita presentar una solicitud por separado para obtener un permiso de trabajo
- Este proceso generalmente toma más tiempo que el de la visa K1, pero termina siendo más económico
Tanto la tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio como la visa K-1 logran un objetivo importante: le permiten, tanto a usted como a su cónyuge, vivir juntos como una pareja casada en los EE.UU. El tipo de solicitud que le convenga a usted dependerá de su situación y prioridades, principalmente de sus preferencias para el lugar de la boda (Estados Unidos o en el extranjero), el cronograma/urgencia para poder vivir juntos, la necesidad/capacidad para que el cónyuge/prometido extranjero trabaje, y el presupuesto disponible para el proceso en general.
Para obtener más información sobre cada proceso y asesoría para determinar cuál es el adecuado para usted, comuníquese con uno de nuestros abogados con experiencia en el área.
Este blog no pretende constituir una asesoría legal y nada aquí debe interpretarse como el establecimiento de una relación abogado-cliente. Programe una consulta con un abogado de inmigración antes de tomar acción basándose en cualquier información que lea aquí.
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