Nuevo proyecto de ley de Florida – FL 1718

Denice Flores • November 3, 2023

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      El gobernador Ron DeSantis del estado de Florida firmó un nuevo proyecto de ley que entrará en vigor el 1 de julio de 2023.

      FL 1718 es una ley que afectará a todos los residentes de Florida, no sólo a los inmigrantes indocumentados. La nueva ley restringirá la capacidad de las personas indocumentadas de vivir y trabajar en el estado de Florida.

      En resumen, FL 1718:
  1. Penalizar el acto de transportar a un individuo indocumentado a Florida.
  2. Exigir a los hospitales que recopilen información sobre el estado migratorio de los pacientes.
  3. Exigir a los empleadores de Florida que documenten los procedimientos de verificación de empleo para fines de la ley estatal, exige la participación de E-Verify para la mayoría de los empleadores de Florida y crea sanciones separadas para las infracciones.
  4. Restringir el acceso a licencias de conducir y profesionales de Florida.
  5. Empoderar al estado de Florida para participar en la aplicación de las leyes federales de inmigración.
      FL 1718 tipificará como delito grave que una persona transporte consciente e intencionalmente a otra persona, incluido un menor, que ingresó a los Estados Unidos en violación de la ley y que no fue inspeccionada por las autoridades de inmigración desde que ingresó a los EE. UU., al estado de Florida. FL 1718 no penalizará vivir con, albergar, alquilar o transportar personas indocumentadas dentro del estado de Florida.

      FL 1718 requerirá que los hospitales que aceptan Medicaid pregunten en los formularios de admisión del paciente, el estado legal del paciente. Esto significa que el formulario preguntará si el paciente es ciudadano estadounidense, residente permanente legal o indocumentado. Los formularios deben incluir una opción donde el paciente puede optar por negarse a responder.

      FL 1718 tipificará como delito estatal emplear, contratar, reclutar o recomendar, a sabiendas, para sí mismo o en nombre de otro, para un empleo público o privado a un ciudadano extranjero que no esté autorizado a trabajar en los EE. UU. Un empleador también será un delito estatal. Está prohibido emplear a un trabajador indocumentado después de tener conocimiento de que un individuo es o se ha vuelto indocumentado. Las violaciones pueden resultar en la revocación de la licencia comercial estatal del empleador y multas.

      El proyecto de ley también establecerá sanciones penales para una persona indocumentada y no autorizada que utilice documentos de identificación falsos o que utilice los documentos de identificación de otra persona para trabajar.

      Los empleadores con 25 empleados o más deberán utilizar E-Verify para todos los empleados nuevos y los empleadores deben conservar una copia de la documentación proporcionada para E-Verify. Los empleadores deberán verificar la elegibilidad laboral de cada nuevo empleado dentro de los 3 días hábiles posteriores al primer día laboral del nuevo empleado. Los empleadores también deberán conservar la verificación de E-Verify durante los últimos 3 años para los empleados.

      Para hacer cumplir los nuevos requisitos de E-Verify, a partir del 1 de julio de 2024, las autoridades estatales estarán autorizadas a realizar auditorías aleatorias de las empresas y podrán solicitar copias de la documentación del empleador para verificar el empleo de los empleados. Se podrán imponer sanciones por incumplimiento.

      FL 1718 prohibirá a los condados y municipios financiar la emisión de documentos de identificación a una persona que no proporcione prueba de presencia legal en los EE. UU. Nota: se podrán emitir documentos, pero no se permitirá la financiación gubernamental.
Las licencias de conducir emitidas por otros estados a personas que no pueden presentar prueba de presencia legal no serán válidas en el estado de Florida. Las autoridades estatales deben citar a cualquier persona que conduzca con dicha licencia.

      Otros impactos que tendrá esta nueva ley son que a partir del 1 de noviembre de 2028, habrá restricciones para que los beneficiarios de DACA y otras personas indocumentadas sean admitidos en el Colegio de Abogados de Florida; Las autoridades estatales que tengan “la custodia de una persona debido a la “emisión de una orden de detención de inmigración por parte de una agencia federal de inmigración”' deberán tomar muestras de ADN de la persona; la ley prohibirá que una entidad gubernamental estatal o local, o una agencia de aplicación de la ley, restrinja a una agencia de aplicación de la ley en el envío de información de elegibilidad laboral a una agencia federal de inmigración.

      Es importante estar informado sobre esta nueva ley que entrará en vigor el 1 de julio de 2023. Si cree que puede verse afectado por esta ley, debe hablar con un abogado.

Este blog no pretende ser asesoramiento legal y nada aquí debe interpretarse como el establecimiento de una relación abogado-cliente. Programe una consulta con un abogado de inmigración antes de actuar según cualquier información leída aquí.

Denice Flores

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