La Ley Laken Riley: Una nueva era de participación estatal en la política federal de inmigración
Kris Quadros Ragar • February 7, 2025
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El 29 de enero de 2025, el presidente Trump firmó la Ley Laken Riley, que altera significativamente cómo se aplican las políticas de inmigración en los Estados Unidos. Esta legislación otorga a los fiscales generales de los estados y a otros funcionarios autorizados una autoridad sin precedentes para interpretar y aplicar las políticas federales de inmigración. También les faculta para emprender acciones legales contra el gobierno federal si consideran que la aplicación de las leyes federales de inmigración afecta negativamente a su estado. Con esta nueva autoridad, los estados desempeñan ahora un papel directo en la determinación de los resultados en materia de inmigración, una responsabilidad que tradicionalmente ha correspondido al Gobierno federal.
Uno de los efectos más inmediatos de la Ley Laken Riley es que permite a los estados solicitar medidas cautelares para bloquear la expedición de visados a nacionales de países que se nieguen a aceptar a sus ciudadanos expulsados de Estados Unidos o retrasen injustificadamente dicha aceptación. Esto significa que, si un país no coopera con los esfuerzos de deportación de Estados Unidos, sus nacionales -independientemente de su situación legal- podrían enfrentarse a importantes dificultades para obtener o renovar visados. En consecuencia, los ciudadanos extranjeros de estos países pueden encontrarse con una mayor incertidumbre a la hora de viajar al extranjero o de obtener autorización para trabajar en Estados Unidos.
Más allá de la tramitación de visados, la ley introduce un nuevo nivel de imprevisibilidad en el sistema de inmigración. Al permitir a los fiscales generales de los estados intervenir en los procedimientos federales, y las políticas de inmigración que ahora pueden variar en función de las decisiones a nivel estatal. En los próximos meses, está por verse cómo los distintos estados ejercerán este poder, si intentarán bloquear activamente la expedición de visados o impulsarán medidas más amplias de aplicación de la ley de inmigración.
Para los ciudadanos extranjeros y las empresas, mantenerse informado sobre qué países se consideran «no cooperativos» es ahora más importante que nunca. Quienes necesiten renovar su visado o estén planeando un viaje internacional deben prepararse para posibles retrasos y buscar asesoramiento profesional para sortear estas incertidumbres.
La Ley Laken Riley también obliga a las autoridades federales de inmigración a detener y deportar a las personas sin estatus legal acusadas de determinados delitos, como hurtos menores o hurtos en tiendas, agresión a un agente de la ley y delitos con resultado de muerte o lesiones corporales graves. Esta disposición pone de relieve un planteamiento más estricto de la aplicación de la ley de inmigración, que afecta a las personas acusadas tanto de delitos menores como de delitos graves.
Con las políticas de inmigración ahora sujetas a una nueva capa de participación estatal, es más importante que nunca mantenerse informado y preparado para posibles desafíos. Si usted tiene preocupaciones acerca de cómo la Ley Laken Riley puede afectar su estatus migratorio o su negocio, póngase en contacto con Santos Lloyd Law Firm para obtener asesoramiento estratégico adaptado a sus necesidades.
Este blog no pretende ser una asesoría legal y nada aquí debe interpretarse como el establecimiento de una relación abogado-cliente. Programe una consulta con un abogado de inmigración antes de actuar sobre cualquier información que aquí lea.
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The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has announced the termination of Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for nationals from Honduras, Nicaragua, Nepal, Haiti, and Cameroon. These longstanding protections are set to expire, putting many individuals at risk of deportation.
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