Negación de la libertad condicional y cómo afecta el acceso de los inmigrantes a ayuda
Angelica Rice • June 3, 2022
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Una de las políticas más controvertidas y volátiles del Departamento de Seguridad Nacional (DHS), en este momento, es su política con respecto a la libertad condicional. Según la orientación actual del DHS, “todos los extranjeros sujetos a deportación acelerada que: (i) son extranjeros que llegan a este país (ii) han establecido un temor creíble de persecución o tortura; y (iii) han sido referidos para procedimientos de deportación total bajo la sección 240 de la Ley de Inmigración y Nacionalidad (INA), deben estar detenidos y no tienen derecho a fianza o a una audiencia de fianza, PERO pueden ser puestos en libertad condicional. La concesión de la libertad condicional queda totalmente a discreción del oficial de ICE o CBP que revisa el caso; éste, el oficial decide caso por caso y puede otorgarse “por razones humanitarias urgentes o un beneficio público significativo”.
Bajo la administración actual de Trump, la libertad condicional se niega con mucha más frecuencia de lo que se otorga. Muchas oficinas de campo y centros de detención de ICE niegan cada vez más la libertad condicional a los solicitantes de asilo y otros inmigrantes, incluso después de que se descubrió que tenían un “temor creíble” de persecución en su país de origen. El resultado es que cientos y miles de inmigrantes están detenidos durante meses sin cargos ni libertad condicional, a pesar de que tienen un caso de inmigración pendiente.
La guía actual también indica que estos inmigrantes no deben ser liberados con una orden de liberación bajo reconocimiento (OREC) o una orden de supervisión (OSUP). Sin embargo, a pesar de esta guía clara, los oficiales del DHS continúan liberando a muchos inmigrantes, incluidos cubanos, con estas órdenes de reconocimiento y supervisión.
¿Por qué todo esto es un problema? ¿Cómo te afecta esto?
Este es un problema de todos los inmigrantes, pero especialmente de los inmigrantes cubanos.
Si usted es un inmigrante cubano que viene a los Estados Unidos, puede solicitar el ajuste y obtener estatus en los Estados Unidos según la Ley de Ajuste Cubano (CAA).
Sin embargo, para ser elegible para una Tarjeta Verde (Green Card o Tarjeta de residente permanente) basada en la CAA, debe estar presente en los Estados Unidos después de haber sido inspeccionado y admitido o puesto en libertad condicional por un oficial de inmigración después del 1 de enero de 1959. Si usted es cubano que pertenece a la clase de inmigrantes mencionada anteriormente, que ha sido detenido y puesto en libertad bajo una orden de reconocimiento o supervisión, y que no ha recibido libertad condicional o se le ha negado la libertad condicional, NO es elegible para ajustarse según el CAA y obtener su Tarjeta Verde (Green Card o Tarjeta de residente permanente). ¡¡ESTO ES UN GRAN PROBLEMA!!
Este blog no pretende ser un consejo legal y nada aquí debe interpretarse como el establecimiento de una relación abogado-cliente. Programe una consulta con un abogado de inmigración antes de actuar sobre cualquier información que lea aquí.
Receiving a two-year green card through marriage is an important step, but it leaves another process ahead: removing the conditions on permanent residence. For couples preparing a joint Form I-751 petition, understanding the filing window and organizing evidence early can make the preparation more manageable. The starting point is your own record. Locate the green card, the notice granting residence, and copies of the earlier immigration filing. Check the date conditional residence began and the card’s expiration date. Do not calculate the next deadline solely from your wedding anniversary or the date an attorney first submitted your case. Understand the joint filing window Under 8 CFR 216.4 , a joint I-751 petition generally must be filed during the 90-day period immediately before the second anniversary of obtaining conditional permanent residence. This is a window before that anniversary, not an additional 90 days after the card expires. Preparing early and filing early are different things. You can begin gathering records well before the window opens, while coordinating the correct submission date with your attorney. A joint petition also requires the appropriate signatures, fee, and supporting documentation. Confirm the current form instructions, accepted filing method, and applicable fee when the case is ready to submit. Build a record of the marriage over time The regulation identifies several types of evidence that may help show the marriage was not entered into to evade immigration law: jointly owned property, a lease for a shared home, combined financial resources, children’s birth certificates, and statements from people with personal knowledge of the relationship. These examples do not mean every couple must have a mortgage, joint accounts, or children. The evidence should accurately reflect your circumstances. A clear explanation of how you manage your household can be more useful than forcing your relationship into a checklist that does not fit. As a practical preparation step, organize records by date and type. Review whether they help explain the course of the marriage, rather than collecting only documents created shortly before filing. Flag separate addresses, name changes, or gaps in the records for your attorney. Never alter a document to make the history appear simpler. Tell your attorney if circumstances change This article addresses joint filing. Divorce, the death of a spouse, abuse, or other significant changes may require a different filing basis or an individualized assessment. Separate waiver provisions exist, with their own requirements. A spouse’s unwillingness to sign does not, by itself, establish eligibility for every waiver. Do not assume that the joint 90-day window answers every question about a non-joint case. If the relationship changes while preparing the petition or while it is pending, inform counsel promptly. You should not need to invent a continuing relationship to seek advice about the options that may actually apply. Keep tracking the case after submission The regulation provides that conditional resident status is automatically extended, when necessary, upon receipt of a properly filed I-751 until adjudication. Proof of that status is a separate practical matter: keep the receipt notice and have counsel review its wording before relying on it for travel or employment documentation. This article does not promise a particular receipt-extension period or processing time. A missed deadline calls for prompt legal attention. The regulation allows some late joint filings where USCIS accepts a written showing of good cause, but acceptance is not automatic. Do not assume a late petition cures the problem without further review. Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C. can help you assess the filing window, organize relevant evidence, and identify changes that may affect your I-751 strategy. Contact the firm early enough to review the facts before the deadline approaches.
October begins a new federal fiscal year, but that does not mean every green card applicant moves to the front of the line. The Department of State’s October 2026 Visa Bulletin sets out the visa availability that applicants in family-sponsored and employment-based preference categories need to review this month.
Santos Lloyd Law Firm takes great pride in announcing that Partner Flavia Santos Lloyd has been invited to join the Fellows of the American Bar Foundation. As a highly selective global network, the organization recognizes legal professionals across both the public and private sectors who embody the absolute highest standards of the practice. Admission to this distinguished group highlights Flavia’s outstanding legal career, professional integrity, and deep impact on the legal community. Our team celebrates Flavia on this well-deserved recognition!
