Cidadania por Nascimento nos EUA: A Nova Ordem de Trump e seus Desafios Legais

Angelica Rice • January 23, 2025

Click here to read this article in English

Em 20 de janeiro de 2025, o presidente Donald Trump assinou uma ordem executiva intitulada  "Protegendo o Significado e o Valor da Cidadania Americana", que visa acabar com a cidadania por nascimento para determinadas crianças nascidas nos Estados Unidos. Esta ordem tem como alvo específico crianças nascidas de mães que estejam em situação irregular ou temporariamente nos EUA com vistos, como de estudante, trabalho ou turismo, caso o pai não seja cidadão americano ou residente permanente legal. Sob essa nova política, essas crianças não terão mais o direito automático à cidadania americana. A ordem entrará em vigor 30 dias após sua assinatura e se aplicará apenas a nascimentos ocorridos após esse período, ou seja, não afetará retroativamente crianças nascidas antes da data de vigência.

Essa ordem executiva desafia a interpretação de longa data da 14ª Emenda da Constituição dos EUA, que garante cidadania a todas as pessoas nascidas em solo americano.  A emenda estabelece: "Todas as pessoas nascidas ou naturalizadas nos Estados Unidos, e sujeitas à sua jurisdição, são cidadãs dos Estados Unidos e do Estado onde residem." Por mais de um século, essa disposição tem sido entendida como uma garantia de cidadania à maioria das pessoas nascidas nos EUA, independentemente do status imigratório de seus pais.

Em resposta à ordem executiva, grupos de defesa dos direitos dos imigrantes, incluindo a American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), entraram com ações judiciais contestando sua constitucionalidade. Eles argumentam que a ordem viola o mandato claro da 14ª Emenda e enfraquece valores fundamentais americanos. Especialistas jurídicos preveem que a questão será debatida nos tribunais, com a possibilidade de que a ordem seja bloqueada ou anulada.


Em 23 de janeiro de 2025, um juiz federal de Seattle emitiu uma ordem de restrição temporária (TRO), bloqueando efetivamente a execução da ordem executiva nos próximos 14 dias. O tribunal citou possíveis violações constitucionais e a necessidade de mais instruções legais antes que qualquer aplicação possa prosseguir. Essa decisão proporciona alívio temporário às famílias afetadas e sinaliza a probabilidade de uma batalha jurídica prolongada. Novas audiências estão programadas para determinar se a ordem será bloqueada permanentemente ou se poderá ser executada.

Para as famílias afetadas por essa ordem, há uma crescente preocupação com os desafios que seus filhos poderão enfrentar sem a cidadania americana. O acesso a serviços essenciais, educação e oportunidades de emprego pode se tornar mais difícil para os impactados. No entanto, é importante manter a esperança, pois o sistema jurídico oferece mecanismos de controle para garantir que qualquer ação executiva esteja em conformidade com os princípios constitucionais. Historicamente, tentativas semelhantes de restringir a cidadania por nascimento enfrentaram desafios legais significativos e não foram mantidas.

Se você ou alguém que conhece pode ser afetado por essa ordem executiva, manter-se informado e compreender seus direitos é essencial. No Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C., nossos advogados de imigração estão à disposição para fornecer orientação e apoio durante este momento de incerteza. Entre em contato conosco se precisar de assistência.

Este blog não se destina a fornecer aconselhamento jurídico e nada aqui deve ser interpretado como estabelecimento de um relacionamento advogado-cliente. Por favor, agende uma consulta com um advogado de imigração antes de agir com base em qualquer informação lida aqui.

This Facebook widget is no longer supported.

Angelica Rice

2026 Visa Freeze and Travel Bans

By Juliana LaMendola • March 13, 2026
On January 14, 2026, the Trump administration announced a freeze on immigrant visa issuance for nationals of 75 countries . The administration states that this “visa freeze” is intended to review security protocols, “reduce risks,” and control immigration flows. However, the immediate reality is that this change in policy has temporarily suspended visa processing and restricted travel for applicants from numerous countries across the globe. While the legal landscape surrounding these suspensions is highly fluid and subject to change, it is important to consider how this “visa freeze” might impact your current status or immigration plans. The scope of the restrictions varies drastically depending on your country of origin and specific visa category. Most notably, a nationality-based travel ban restricts visa issuance for 19 countries : Afghanistan, Burma, Chad, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Haiti, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen, Burundi, Cuba, Laos, Sierra Leone, Togo, Turkmenistan, and Venezuela. Beyond this targeted ban, a broader freeze affects applicants from a designated list of up to 75 countries, leading to indefinite delays for many visa petitions. However, it is important to note that immigrant visa applications first need to be processed through USCIS, which has not paused processing applications from the 75 countries. Thus, it is important to contact an attorney to understand at what point in the process this visa freeze may affect your case. While Brazil is included in the list of 75 countries, at the time of this publication, the freeze does not include non-immigrant visas for Brazil . Non-immigrant visas are granted to foreign nationals seeking to enter the United States on a temporary basis for specific purposes, such as tourism, studying, or temporary work. This means that Brazilian applicants can still safely pursue non-immigrant employment options, such as O visas for individuals with extraordinary ability or P visas for internationally recognized athletes, without being subjected to the current travel bans or suspensions. This alert is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. There are many changes and uncertainties, so please consult with a qualified attorney at Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C. to understand how these evolving policies might affect your specific case

The 2026 RFE Surge

By Denice Flores • March 6, 2026
Recent data in 2026 shows a sharp increase in Requests for Evidence across employment-based visa categories such as EB-1, EB-2 NIW, O, and H-1B. Requests for Evidence (RFEs) are no longer reserved for borderline cases; even robust petitions for high-level talent are facing unprecedented scrutiny. The expansion of the USCIS Vetting Center means automated tools are cross-referencing every petition, triggering RFEs for even the smallest inconsistencies. For EB-2 NIW petitions, adjudicators are increasingly questioning the "National Importance" of a candidate’s endeavor. Even for those with impressive credentials, USCIS now demands evidence of how their work specifically benefits the U.S. on a prospective basis. For O-1A and O-1B visas, officers are applying narrower interpretations of "distinction" and "extraordinary ability," often mischaracterizing evidence already present in the record. Additionally, a troubling 2026 trend is the correlation between Premium Processing and RFEs . For discretionary categories like EB-1A and EB-2 NIW, Premium Processing has increasingly become a "fast track" to a poorly reasoned RFE. Reports indicate that adjudicators, pressured by 15-business-day timelines, may be relying on AI-assisted vetting tools that trigger automated RFEs with general and boilerplate language, rather than a thorough review and analysis of supporting documents and evidence filed. With USCIS employing more rigorous AI-driven vetting and a narrower interpretation of visa criteria, the margin for error has disappeared . As such, ensure you consult with an experienced immigration attorney before filing a petition. ' If you have any questions, please schedule a consultation with one of our experienced attorneys, and we will be more than happy to assist you.

Navigating the Surge in Temporary Protected Status (TPS) Terminations and Litigation: What You Need to Know

By Juliana LaMendola • February 19, 2026
In recent weeks, the U.S. government has moved to terminate Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for multiple countries, sparking a wave of last-minute litigation and creating significant uncertainty for beneficiaries. This shift is having a profound impact on those who rely on TPS for lawful presence and work authorization in the United States. Across the country, federal courts have intervened to pause or block scheduled TPS terminations for several countries, including Burma (Myanmar), Ethiopia, Haiti, South Sudan, and Syria. In response to these court orders, USCIS has updated its webpages to indicate that TPS status and related Employment Authorization Documents (EADs) are extended for these populations. However, USCIS is intentionally not providing specific new end dates for EAD validity while the litigation remains in flux. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has prominently noted that it "vehemently disagrees" with these court orders and is actively working with the Department of Justice on next steps. This legal landscape remains highly unpredictable and varies drastically depending on the country of origin. For example, on February 9, 2026, the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals granted a stay allowing the government to proceed with the termination of TPS for Nicaragua, Honduras, and Nepal while the underlying legal challenges continue. Because of this ruling, the automatic extension of work authorization for these individuals has ended, and employers are now required to reverify the work authorization of affected employees, who must present alternative valid documentation to continue their employment. These rapid changes and the lack of clear end dates are causing complications beyond the workplace. Because driver's licenses often track the length of an individual's authorized stay, many DMVs are currently declining to issue or renew driver's licenses for impacted TPS populations. For employers, managing internal communications, avoiding onboarding errors, and navigating Form I-9 compliance has become increasingly complex. It is more important than ever to be well-prepared and proactive in monitoring these rapid changes. At Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C., our immigration attorneys are ready to guide you through this evolving process and ensure you are informed, and supported. Please contact us if you have questions or need assistance.
Show More